Shingle machine



' H. APPLIN SHINGLE MACHINE April 5 1927.

Filed June 16, 1926 6 SheetS-Sheeq 1 Z O m w w a HARRY APPL/N 3M 12 MMApril 1927.

H. APPLI N SHINGLE MACHINE Filed June 16, 1926 anbmw I HARRY APPL/N 33,444A aum April 5, 1927.

H. APPLIN SHINGLE MACHINE Filed June 16, 1926 awuentoz HARRY APPLIN 35WA Slime/134 April 5, 1927. w v w 1,623,612

A H. APPLIN SHINGLE MACHINE Filed June 16, 1926 e Sheet-Sht 4 v snvmtozHARRY APPu/v M W April 5,1927.

H. APPLIN SHINGLE MACHINE Filed June 16, 1926 6 Sheets-Sheet 5 rawogntcz v HARRY AEPLIN 2, Ml www Patented Apr. 5, 1921.

I uu rsi e-1's PATENT fosrics.

HARRY APPLIN, F AMBLE-Ii, PENNSYIiVANIA, ASSIGNOR TO AMBLEB ASBESTOSCOMPANY, A CORPORATION OF PEIl NSYLVANIA.

smear-1 mcnmn. Q Ap ilication flled Jun-.16, 1926. Serial No. 116,291. A

This invention relates, to a method and apparatus for producing anarticle of plastic material such as asbestos fiber and cementcomposition. 1

Hitherto such plastic compositions have been worked into shingles, slabsand the like of flat, even form but it is often desirable that the shapeor thickness of the article he irregular, as 'for instance, in the caseof shingles, where'it is advantageous to have a taper in, the longdirection from thinness at one end to relative thickness at the other.The object of this invention isto provide a method and apparatus forproducing the article frbm plastic material and improved means wherebythe general outline of each shingle or' other article lnay be eifectedautomatically by a. machine in continuous operation. A more specificobject of the inventionis to provide improved vacuum means for forming.the article into substantially the desired shape. x v

In addition to the foregoing objects, other 5 objects of my inventionareto provide certain novel features of construction and arrangement ofparts which will be more apparent from the following description of theaccompanying drawings, in which T i Fig. 1 is a side elevation of theshingle forming mechanism and the conveyor for transferring the same toother mechanism not shown;

Fig. 2 is a plan view of Fig. 1; Fig. 3 is a vertical longitudinalsection takensubstantially on the line 33 of ig. 4 is a section from theperiphery of the drum showing the filtering cloth and cords thereon,this section being taken substantially parallel to the drum axis, as forinstance, on line 4-4 of Fig. 2;

' Fig. 5 is a fragmentary circumferential sectional view of the drumperiphery and N taken substantially on the lines 5-5 of Fig. 4; i

I Fig. 6 is a fragmentary plan view of the drum periphery with thefiltering cords removed; Q

Fig. 7 is an axial section tliroughthe vacmun control valve mechanismtaken substan tially on the line 77 of Fig. 2; y

F 1g. 8 is a section of the valve mechanism taken substantially on thelines 8+8 of Figs.

' 2 and 7;

' poses may be included so" as to suitably supcloth and p periphery isprovided with a series of par 'allel substantially rectangular chambers20. =Each chamber is separated by an axially MF-ig. 9 is a sideelevation-of the pressing rollers and shingle scoring mechanism;

Fig. 10 is afplan view thereof; Fig. 11 isone form of a shingle; Fig. 12is a plan view illustrating a modified form of drainboard, and 4 i Fig.13 is a sectional view of the same on the line 13 130f F ig. 12. r Inthe illustrative embodiment of my invention I have shown in Fig. 1 asuitable frame structure including a pair of parallel side embers Z, apair of parallel floor mem ers'8 and vertical supports 9. Other membersfor supporting and bracing purport a' slurry .tank 10. This tank has anarcuate bottom and vertical sides so as toform an opening. 11 in the topand has an overflow pipe 12 disposed atone edge. For the purpose ofagitating and mixing the slurry in the tank 10 there is provided aseries of rotatable agitators 13, each being provided with a series of,radial arms. These agitatorsmay be rotated by any suitable mechanism,such as' by an individual orcontinuous belt or suitable gears. It willalso'be understood that the tank 10 is made of such material which willbe best suited to the nature of the slurry used. The slurry, preferablyconsists of the elements in proportions as previouslynoted.

In order to form theslurry into suitable articles suchas shingles,preferably tapered, there is provided a relatively largedrum D, which ismounted upon a transverse shaft 1 1. This shaft is rotatably supportedin bearings 15 that are supported by the side frame members 7. Morespecifically, this drum comprises," as shown in Figs. 4 to 8,sidernembers 16 and a peripheral portion 17 The peripheral portion couldbe formed of any suit-able material, such as wood, metal or the like.Fixed to each of the side memhers 16 is a bearing support 18, which has'engagement with a reduced end of the shaft 14:, the member 18 having anannular groove W) 19 to receive the bearing 15.- The drum extendingpartition 21, which has recesses 11% 22 and 23, ,and a central recesswhich re ceives a sealing strip 21, preferably made ofrubber andextending beyond the ends of pose of which will the chambers asindicated in Fig, 6. A ported supporting rib 24 extendscircumferentially of the drum and is'intermediate the ends of thechambers 20, thereby forming in effect two chambers. It will be notedthat the'bottomof each chamber 20 inclines upwardly toward the drumperiphery from the central portion adjacent the support 24. Bars 25extending circumferentially of the drum are supported in the recesses 22and 23. These bars, it will be noted, are successively spaced closertogether as the outer sides of the drum eriphery are reached, thepurappear in the description of the operation. Communicating with eachchamber substantially adjacent the supporting rib 24 is a vacuum pipe26, which ex; tends radially within the drum and has a lateral extension27, which passes through .the supporting hub 18 and is secured in ahollow flanged member 28. The member 28 is suitably secured to the hub18 and has an angular passage 29 leading to its periphery, therebyallowin communication between a vacuum control ing member 30 and thepipe 27. As shown in Fig. 8, the member 30 is stationary and onlypartially surrounds the periphery of the member 28. The member 30 isdivided into a minimum vacuum chamber 31 and a maximum vacuum chamber32, pressure therein being transmitted through'pipes 33 and 34respectively. Each of the chambers has an arcuate groove 35 thatcommunicates with the passa es 29. A plate 36 is secured to the membe?28 to hold the valve member 30 in operative relation to the member 28,and to prevent air leakage between the adjacent surface suitable packing37 is provided.

From the above it will be seen that as the drum rotates each ohamber'20will be subjected to' a minimum vacuum of say ten pounds when thepassage29'is in communication withthe chamber 31. Upon further rotationof the drum the passage 29 will'be brought into communication with thechamber 32, and thereby allow a higher degree Fig. 8.

of vacuum to be formed in the drum chamhers 20. Before completing onerotation of the drum the passage 29 will communicate with theatmosphere,- as clearly indicated in The object of this vacuumcontrolled sinechanism is to permit the drum to pick up I or have,accumulated on its periphery a substantially predetermined amount ofslurry I from the tank 10 as the drum'rotates therein,

while the object of the successively closer spaced bars 25 and theinclined bottom of the chambers 20 is to causea relatively large amountof plastic material or slurry to be accumulated adjacent the rib 24while a relatively lesser amount of material .will be accumulated at theouter endsof the chambers 20. However, to prevent the plastic I ripheralmaterial from being drawn through the spacing bars 25 there is provideda filtering cloth 40 covering the peripheral portion 17 of the drum aperipheral flange 42, preferably made of rubber, and inserted within apcdrum groove, while metallic pcripheral bands 43 disposed on theoutside of the flanges 42 prevent the latter from being forced out ofshape. The filtering cloth may be of any suitable material, such assilk, linen, muslin, wire gauze or other perforated material. I In orderto aid in the forming of the plustic material into substantially desiredshape and to aid in holding the articles to the periphery of thedrumover the chambers 20 there is provided flexible molding cords 44,preferably made from fishing line or other similar material, which aresupported in the form of-endless belts by the drum periphery on the topof the filtering cloth. These cords as shown in Figs 3, 4 and 5 aresuccessively spaced closer together as the justably supported to varythe tension of 1 the cords.

In order to initially press the plastic shingles there is'provided abelt 67 which engages an arcuate portion of the drum. This presser beltleads off of the drum on to a guiding rolleri68 and over andunder uidingrollers 69, 70 and 71 back on to the rum. This presser belt will "havesufficient transverse flexibility so that the tapered sidesof thearticles will "be properl engaged. If for any reason it should beesired, it is obvious that the presser strip could be made separately,one part to cover each set of the parallel chambers in the drum. Inorder to exert further pressure, rollers 72 are carried on one end ofarms 73, the other ends of which are pivotally supported by a suitableframework 74. It will be noted that the length of the arms 73 diminishesas the uper rollers are reached, and it will also be clear that the.periphery of these rolls could taper inwardly towards their centralportion, thereby to conform to the tapered portions of the articles, orif desired. the rollers could be split at their central portion.

In order to clean the filtering cloth and cordsand to provide thenecessary fluid such as water for mixing the sand fibres and cement to.form the slurry there is provided within the tank 10 a transverselydisposed 1 fluid conducting pipe. 75 which is provided with nozzleopenings whereby liquid is directed against the periphery of the drum.The blast-of fluid will drive out any plastic material lodged "in theopenings of the filtering cloth and "on'the cords, and by the cooperaton of rotary brushes 7 6 this material will be entirely. removed fromthe filtering cloth and cords. The material thus removed is recovered,and" remixed with-the slurry in x the: tank 10.

munication therewith 'as pipes. 85 and The mechanism for controlling thedegree ofvacuum 1n the chambers 31 and 32 com-- prises as shown in Figs.1 and 2, a vacuum pump 80 of any suitable type, and which has A'communicates with the tank 81. Suitable pressure control valvemechanisms. 88 and 89 arecarried by the tanks 83 and 84 respectively. Itwill be clear that these valve mechan sms could be used to control thedegree of pressure within each tank in addition to the mechanism how tobe described. The

pipes have associated with their horizontal m portions 90 "and 91identical control valvemechanisms. so that thedescription of one willsuflfice for both. An adjustable valve 92 may be'used for throttlingpurposes, and by suitable adjustment any degree of vacuum could beobtained. A suitably valved by-pass 93 furnishes a further adjustmentunequally spaced position on the drum periphery. The dry sand, fibresand cement material is charged into the tank 10 and the drum D rot-atesby a suitable belt pulley 105, which is fixed to the drum shaft 14. Atthe same time the agitators 13 will be rotated to. mix the sand, fibresand cement materials with the fluid from the pipe and keep the slurry ina uniform condition. As the drum rotates those of the chambers orcompartments 20 which are disposed within the slurry will be subjectedto a minimum vacuum as by connection of the passages29 with the minimumvacuum chamber 31.

The chamber 31 communicates with the min-i imum vacuum tank 84 as by thepipes93,

33, chamber 31, those .of passages 29 which v are in communicationtherewith and the pipes 27 and 26. This will cause the slurry or plasticmaterial to be drawn against the filtering cloth 40, and cords 4Aconforming to the shape of the chambers 20 which it will be rememberedis suitably supported upon the series of cross bars 25.. The thicknessof the plastic material will be varied in accordance .with the degree ofvacuum, the successively closer spacing of the bars 25 and to theinclined'bottoms of the chambers 20. It has been found that such aconstruction Will cause a lesser amount of material to be held adjacentthe relatively closer spaced bars 25 than will be held adjacent thewidely spaced bars. By the vacuum the plastic material will be held vertightly against the filtering cloth and cor s, which tor a vacuumcondition. The tank 83 has cords will have a tendency'to be embedded v Icommunication withthe "chamber 32 as by the pipe 34, which is :1Vcontinuation of a valved controlled pipe 95, leading from the tank 83.The tank 84 has communication with the chamber 31 as by the pipe '33,and a suitably valved controlled pipe 96. As the vacuum in the variouschambers 20 will cause water to be drawn from the plastic shinglessuitable means is provided for draining this Water which will settle inthe tanks 83 84 and 81. This means comprises pumps 9 v 98 and 99,communicating respectively with the tanks 83, 8;; and 81 by suit ablepipes, all of which are adapted to discharge into a suitable collectingpipe 100/ The liquid so collectedmay be returned to the system, for suchliquid would contain a largepercentage of cenlent and other material. I

The operation of the device so far described is as follows:

The filtering cloth 40- being. secured to the periphery of the drum Dwill rotate therewith, being supported by the strips 25 and thepartitions 21, 24 and the end surfaces all, the chambers 20 beingseparated by the sealin strips 21 The spaced cords are place over the.filtering cloth and are guided by the grooved roller 45, and are in intocommunication with the chamber 32.

This permits the tank 83 to be placed in communication with each of thechambers as through pipes95, 34, chamber 32, passage 29 and the pipes 27and 26. Thev passages 29 rotate with the drum due to the connection ofthe (member 28 with the hub 18, while the valve casing 30 remainsstationary. with the chambers in the upper right hand portion beingsubjected to a higher vacuum it will be clear that water will be drawnfrom the-plastic at ticles upon the drum, and this water will finallysettle in the tanks 83, 81 and 81; from which it will be drawn as by thepumps'97, 98 and 99, and discharged into the collecting pipe 100.-During the period that the articles are being subjected to the highervacuum they will be "in contact with the pressing belt 6?,and by,co-operamade uniform. As the drum continues to.

rotate the passages 29 will finally come into communication'with theatmosphere, thereby permitting the removal of the formed articles fromthe drum. It will be noted that during this period the cords aregradually separated from the drum and filtering cloth, thereby causingthe articles to be entirely supported by the cords. The result is thatas the cords pass within the grooves of rollers 45 they are strippedfrom the articles S by passing downwardly around; the roller 45, thisaction being clearly shown in Fig. 3, the articlesthen being dischargedupon a plate 46 which directs them to a suitable conveying mechanism topermit further operations to be performed thereon.

In the manufacture of some plastic articles such as shingles it may bedesirable to provide a means for coloring or coating the article oraportion thereof. Coloring or coating spray guns 47 may be provided forspraying coloring or coating material to the articles as the drumrotates and when the articles on the drum are at a minimum vacuum. Asthe drumrotates and is subjected to a higher degree of vacuum due to thepassages 29 coming into communication with the chamber 32, the coloringor coating material on the surface ofthe article and is adapted todischarge upon a conveyor 11 1 of the final pressing mechanism. As shownin Fi 9, the conveyor 111 comprises a series 0 relatively small rollersbeneath which and incontact with is a belt 112, which passes overguiding rollers 113, and is held in frictional contact with the rollersas by holding rollers 114. When the. belt 112 is driven in a clockwisedirection, the rollers 111 will be rotated so as to convey the shinglesbetweena pair of co-operatmg press rollers 115 and 116. These rollersmay be supported in any suitable manner, such as a wooden framework or rthe like. The upper surface of the rollers 111 will be substantiallytangent to the surface of the lower roll 116, these rollers being spacedapart adjacent the pressing rolls so as to allow the latter to have fullpressing contact with both sides of the articles. The periphery of therolls is tapered with the narrower portion in the center, therebyallowing the large end of the tapered article dotted lines in Fig. 10.The upper roller is also adjustable in any suitable means in order topress. shingles or other articles of different thicknesses. The lowerroller is driven by any suitable means, which herein is shown as a motor117 and suitable driving gearing 118 for connecting the motor and roller116.

After the articles have passed through the pressing rollers it issometimes desired to score the upper surface thereof, although bothsurfaces could be scored if desired, and to accomplish this the articlesare first turned so that their longitudinal axes will be parallel withthe direction of travel. The means for turning the articles from thetransverse position as shown in Fig. 10 to the longitudinal positioncomprises a pair of guidingv abutment walls 119, which lie over aconveyor belt 120, and terminate adjacent the end of the roller conveyor111. A pairofsecondary flared guiding walls 121' terminate, somewhatshort of the extended ends of the walls 119, thereby .per-

'mitting the articles S as they come. from the conveyor 111 to engagethe extended ends of the walls 119 at a oint offset from the center ofgravity of tie article, and upon continued movement of the article dueto the .conveyor 111, the outer end of the article will be swung aroundon to the conveyor 120 until'it is substantially in alignment with thespace between the walls 119 and 121, whereby it will be carriedforwardly onthe conveyor 120 and properly guided between a scoringmechanism.

The scoring mechanism comprises a roller 122 for supporting the articlesas they are run under scoring rollers 123. The scoring rollers mighthave any suitable design formed on their periphery so as to mark theupper side of the large end of a tapered shingle accordingly, but therollers are specifically shown as provided with a series of peripheralV-shaped grooves. The rollers 123 are suitably spaced from the suporting rollers 122 so that only a portion 0 the up er surface of thearticle will'be scored. A ter passing through the scoring mechanism thearticles may be discharged from the belt 120 onto any suitable device125. Instead of turning t a marking thereof they maybe fed through thescoring mechanism in a transverse position thereby transversely markingthe shingles. If a longitudinal marking is desired without turning theshingle the scoring roller could have its periphery provided withaxially extending grooves.

While I have specifically shown a drum with which the filtering clothand cords may co-operate, it will be clear that the cloth and cordsmight be made to pass in a flat plane in which position a flat conveyorbelt coul e shingles prior to that the shingle edges could be madeirreg- .be used, to produce the shingle.

'By applying this invention to shingle manufacture it is noted that bytapering the shingle, material is saved in addition to providing ashingle made from plastic material which has all of the requisitestructural qualities. It is also apparent from the general principlesemployed in my machine ular, so as to give the effect that the shinglehad been shaped merely by chipping 'olf with a hammer, such as is donewith certain types of quarried shingles. As shown in Fig. 11 the, upperexposed surface could be given a desired irregular shape. Thissurfacecould also be given the effectas though having been chippedsimply by suitably designing the periphery of either the f scoring orpressing rolls. Obviously, if desired astraight reciprocating type ofpress might be used. Even though the shingle be provided with a highlyirregular or roughened surface, still they may be laid without anytrouble due to the thin end of the shingle being smooth as is alsoprefer- I ably the lower surface of the large. end.

However, if desired the'lower'shingle surface jadjacent only the edges;ofv the large end may be given this chipped appearance,

thereby leaving the remaining under surface flat so 'as to facilitatelaying of the shingles.

The methodsof adaptable to the production of the shingle having thecomposition above set forth.

More specifically,- the proportions of the respective elements areasbestos fibre about long 5%, asbestos short fibre 20%. sand 30%, andcement 45%. The suction draws the slurry against the filtering cloth andl collects it there, and the continued suction tends to draw the lightermore fluid elements of the slurry inwardly through the mass was to makeit more compact and solid, and to stop upany open pores. Theresulting'shingles while conforming in general outline to each otherwill differ in details of surfacing so. that no two shingles will beexactly alike. The suction elfect at the surface, depending at everypoint on the accumulati'gn and matting of the material beneath gives awidely variabe roughened appearance to the. surface. The thickness andtaper may-be readily varied by altering the amount and distribution ofthe suction. By making the edges of the suction chambers irregular wherethey contact with the filtering coth or belt 40, the edges of theshingle will be correspondingly increased in irregularity to any desiredextent, to give, for instance, the efi'ect'of. edges handchipped by ahammer as with some types of quarried shingles. A similar effect; couldthis invention is'cspeciallybe produced by suitably forming theperiphery of either the scoring or pressing rolls.

1 The roughness of the upper exposed surface of the shingle may be mademore irregular .byan irregular formation of the supporting fibresthrough the shingle strengthens the 1 shingle and also aids in combiningthe sand and cement into a strong homogeneous mass. The tapered form ofthe shingle may be made by progressively reducing the vacuum across anydimension of the slurry pickup surface; for. instance, the supportingsurface may have a gradually thickening layer of porous aterial overit," or instead of 'the grid-like structure above described each shinglecompartment may have a drainboard in the form of a flat slab of wood ormetal with grooves'gradually deepening from shallowness at the thin endof the shingle to greater depth at'the thickening end of the shingle,each of these grooves communicating with the individualvacuumcompartment at this larger end so that there is a direct andrelatively high vacuum drawing on the material at the deeper ends of'the grooves, and a lighter vacuum at the' portion of the groove surfacesof the boardv is afabric or netting @152 carrying the belt upon which isdeposited the plastic material.

lclaim: r 1. A mechanism for forming plastic ma- I terial into platesslabsand the like, comprising a member aving a vacuum chamber formingsa1d-plastic material into a unitary mass of desired shape, cordsassociated therewith adapted to remove said mass as a unit whilepreserving its shape and means whereby a vacuum in said c amber effectsthe holding of said plastic material to said cords. r i j e 2. Amechanism for forming plastic ma terial into plates, slabs and the like,comprising a member having a vacuum chamber forming said plasticmaterial 'into' a unitarymass of desired shape, cords. associated with.said chamber adapted to remove said mass as a unit while preservin itsshape, and per- -forated means interposed between said cords andchamber.

3. A mechanism for forming plastic material into plates, slabs and thelike, comprising a member having a vacuum chamber formlng said plasticmaterial into a unitary mass of desired shape, cords adapted to removesaid mass as a unit while preserving its shape, and vacuum controlledmeans for a drawing liquid from plastic material on said cords.

4. A mechanism for forming plastic material into plates, slabs and thelike, comprising a member having a vacuum chamber forming said plasticmaterial into a unitary therefrom and adapted to remove said mass as aunit while preserving its shape.

6. A mechanism for forming plastic material into plates, slabs and thelike, comprising a member having 'a vacuum chamber forming said plasticmaterial into a unitary mass of desired shape, filtering means coveringsaid chamber, a-series of flexible cords above said filtering meansadapted to remove said mass as a unit while preserving its shape,

and means for suitably supporting said cords, whereby when said chamber1s subjected to a vacuum said cords will be held tightly in positionagainst said member.

7. A device for forming tapered shingles from plastic material, comrising a plastic material tank and a rotata le drum havin vacuumchambers therein for forming said plastic material into a unitary mass,cords carried by said "drum over said chanmers and to be passed throughmaterial in'said tank, and means whereby material is deposited on saidcords in varying thicknesses when said cords pass through the plasticmaterial tank.

8. A machine for forming tapered shingles from plastic material,comprising a drum having vacuum passages therein for forming saidplastic material into a unitary mass,

. flexible cords disposable on the peripherythereof, a tank havingplastic material through which said cords may pass when supported bysaid drum, means whereby material is drawn on to said drum and cords invarying thicknesses when passed through the material, and means forremovin the cords and formed shingles from the rum while preservingtheir shape after passing through said tank. 1

9. A machine for forming articles from plastic material, comprisingmeans forming an endless supporting surface having vacuum passagestherein, an endless filtering cloth disposable over said passages,endless cords disposable on said cloth, and a plastic material tankthrough which said endless members may pass when in co-operation witheach other. whereby material willbe drawn to said endless members in aunitary mass of desired shape.

10. A machine for plastic material, comprisin means forming an endlesssupporting sur'ace having vacuum passages therein, an endless filteringcloth disposable over said passages, endless cords disposable on saidcloth, a plastic material tank through which said endless membersmaypass when in co-operation with each other, whereby material will bedrawn to said members in a unitary mass of desired shape, and means forremoving said cords from said filtering cloth after the article isformed while preserving its shape.

11.'A machine for forming articles from plastic material, comprisingmeans forming an endless supporting surface, endless cords supportedthereby, means for forming a plastic article in a unitary mass ofdesired shape on said cords when the latter is in cooperation with saidsupporting surface, and means for thereafter separating said cords fromsaid surface and ejecting the formed plastic article from said cordsWhile preserving its shape.

12. A machine for forming plastic'articles, comprising a rotatablesupporting drum having vacuum passages therein. an endless filteringcloth disposable on the periphery of said drum to cover said passages,endless cords supportable on said filtering cloth over said vacuumpassages and said filtering cloth, a tank having plastic materialthrough which said cords. and drum are movable, whereby the vacuumeffects deposit of material over said vacuum passages and said cords,and means for pressing the outer surface of the plastic material on saiddrum after the same has passed through said tank.

13. A machine for forming plastic articles, comprising a rotatablesupporting drum having vacuum passages therein, an endless filteringcloth disposable on the periphery of said drum to cover said passages.endless cords supportable on said filterin cloth and over said vacuumpassages {LIN said filtering cloth, a tank having lastic materialthrough which said cords an drum are movable, whereby the vacuumefi'ects deposit of material, to said drum over said vac-,

uum passages and said cords, means for forming articles from v pressingthe outer surface. of the plastic material on said drum after the samehas passed through said tank, and means for relieving said pressureaction upon further predetermined movement of said drum.

14. A machine for forming plastic articles, comprising arotatablesupporting drum having vacuum passages therein, an endless filteringcloth disposable onthe periphery of v is relieved.

-'and drum are movable,

' predetermined movement'of 'sai drum, and

means for removing said strip from said drum periphery when the pressingaction 15. A machine for-forming plastic articles comprising a rotatabledrum having vacuumpassag'es therein, an endless filtering clothdisposable on the periphery of said drum to cover said passages, endlesscords spaced closer together as the outsides of the drum periphery arereached supportable on said filtering cloth over said vacuum passagesand filtering cloth, a tank having plastic material through which saidcords and drum drum peripher plastic material, com drainage .wherebyplastic material will be and said artic .plastic material sired shape/onsaid drum (cords and drum after t has been placed on said d are movable,whereby the vacuum efi'ects deposit of material to said drum, meansforpressing the outer surface of the plastic material to said drum afterthe same as passed through said tank, means for relieving said pressingaction upon further predetermined movement of said drum, means forremoving said cords from said drum periphery when the pressing action isrelieved, and,m.eans forddischarging the plastic article from said cors. 7 16. A machine for forming articles from prising "a ,drum havingpassages in' the periphery thereof, a filtering cloth disposed oversaidpassages, endless flexible cords engageable with the means for directingthe onto the drum periphery, deposited in contact with said drum es maybe removed from saidstri-p when the latter is free of the drumperiphery.

17. A machine cords from' an thereon whilel for forming-articles from 1comprising a drum having flexible spaced .cords thereon, means for placeing plastic material in 'aiunitary mass of deover saidcords, a flexibleresser belt ada ted to overlie said e plastic material ers engaging saidbelt, andmeans for disc arging the plastic articles as a unit from saidcor s after said pressing belt disengages tfie cords and drum whilepreserving their s ape.

,18. A machine for forming articles from plastic material, comprisingcontinuously. moving cords, means for placing plastic material over saidcord'sin a unitary mass of desired shape during continuous movementv fordischarging the pressed article while preserving its shape, and meansfor drawing excessive water from the articles when disposed on saidcords. i

19. A- machinefor forming articles from plastic material, comprising asupporting member forming said plastic material into .a unitary'articleof desired shape, a filtering member, and flexible cords said supportingmember adapted to remove said article as a unit while preserving itsshape, and means for cleaning said support; ing member, cords andfiltering cloth.

carried by 20. A machine for fiorming-articles from lastic materialcomprisin a supporting iiiember forming said plasti cmaterial into aunita y article of desired shape,'a filtering 'screen and cords carriedby said. supporting member adapted to remove said article as a 9unitwhile preserving its shape, and means for cleaning said filteringcloth, said latter means including a nozzle for subjecting said screen.to fluid pressure from one side thereof.

. 21. A machine for forming articles from plastic material, comprising asupportingmember forming said plastic material into .a unitary articleof. deslred shape, a filtering screen and cords carried by saidsupporting 75 thereof, means for pressing the "same ymeans memberadapted to remove said article as a unit while preserving its shape, andmeans for cleaning said-filtering cloth, said latter -means including anozzle for subjectin or screen to fluid pressure, and a brus cleaningthe material from the cloth.

22. A machine for forming articlesfrom lasticma'ten'al, comprising atank, a drum orming said plastic material into a unitary mass of desiredshape, cords supported on the periphery thereof and movable with saiddrum through plastic material ,in said tank adapted to remove said massas a unit while preserving its shape, and agitating meagas-disposedinsaid tank;

23. A machine for forming; articles fronhilzow plastic material,comprising a tank, a drum orming said plastic mate-rial into a unitarymam ofdesire riphery thereo 83am through plastic material in said tankadapted to remove said mass as a unit while preserving its shape, andagitating means mterpose between the drum periphery and the tank walls.I a

sh pe, cords supported on the I and movable with said ram, rollf 24. Amachine for ionizingarticles from shape,

plastic material, comprising amember having a supporting surfaceformingsaid plastic material into a unitary mass of desired a vacuumpassa e extending therethrough, flexible cords a apted to be supportedon said surface and adapted to remove said mass as a unit whilepreserving its shape, and means for subjecting the cords tosub-atmospheric pressure, thereby causing said flexible cords to be held'moreclosely to the supporting surface.

25. A machine for forming articles from plastic material, comprising asupporting member for forming said plastic material into a unitary massof desired shape and cords carried thereby adapted to remove said massas a unit while preserving its shape, and means for subjecting the samesuccessively to different degrees of sub-atmospheric pressure, andfinally to atmospheric pressure.

26. A machine for forming articles from plastic material, comprising asupporting member forming said plastic material into a unitary mass ofdesired shape, and cords carried thereby adapted to remove said mass asa unit while preserving its shape, and means for subjecting the samesuccessively to differatmospheric pressures are maintained, said' memberalso presenting an atmospheric space, the otherof said controlhngmembers having a passage communicating with said supporting member, saidpassage being connectible with said chambers or atmospheric space.

HARRY APPLIN.

DISCLAIMER.

1,623,612i*11erry Applz'n, Ambler, Pa. SHINGLE MACHINE. Patent datedApril 5, 1927. Disclaimer filed July 3, 1929, by the assignee, AmblerAsbestos Company.

Hereby enters this disclaimer to that part ofthe claim in saidspecification which is in the following words, to wit:

IQA mechanism for forming plastic irraterial into plates, slabs and thelike, comprising a member having a vacuum chamber forming said plasticmaterial into a unitary mass of desired shape, cords associatedtherewith adapted to remove said mass as a unit while preserving itsshape, and means whereby a vacuum in said chamber effects the holdingofsaid plastic material to said cords.

2. mechanism for forming plastic material into plates, slabs and thelike,

remove said mass as a unit while preserving its shape, and perforatedmeans interposed between said cords and chamber.

3. A mechanism for forming plastic material into plates, slabs and the.like, comprising a member having a vacuum chamber forming said plasticmaterial into a unitary mass of desired shape, cords adapted to removesaid mass as a unit while preserving its shape, and vacuum controlledmeans for drawing liquid from plastic material on said cords.

4. A mechanism for forming plastic material into plates, slabs and thelike,

comprising a'member having a vacuum chamber forming said plasticmaterial into a unitary mass of desired shape and cords removablyassociated therewith adapted to remove said mass as a unit whilepreserving its shape, and means whereby a vacuum in said chamber effectsholding of plastic material to said cords, said cords being removableupon relieving the chamber of its vacuum.

5. A mechanism for forming plastic material into plates, slabs and thelike, comprising a member having a vacuum chamber forming said plasticmaterial into a unitary mass of desiredshape, filtering means coveringsaid chamber, and flexible cords supportable on said filtering meansseparable therefrom and adapted to remove said mass as a unit whilepreserving its shape. r

6. A mechanism for forming plastic material into plates, slabs and thelike, comprising a member havinga vacuum chamber forming said plasticmaterial into a unitary mass of desired shape, filtering means coveringsaid chamber, a series of flexible cords above said filtering meansadapted to remove said mass asa unit while preserving its shape, andmeans for suitably supporting said cords, whereby when said chamber issubjected to a vacuum said cords will be held tightly in positionagainst said member.

7. A device for forming tapered shingles from plastic material,comprising a plastic material tank and a rotatable drum having vacuumchambers therein for forming said plastic material into a unitary mass,cords carried by said drum over saidchambers and to be passed throughmaterial' in said tank, and means whereby material is deposited on saidcords in varying thickness es when said cords pass through the plasticmaterial tank.

8. A machine for forming tapered shingles from plastic mater al comprising a drum having vacuum passages therein for forming said plasticmaterial into a unitary mass, flexible cords disposable on the peripherythereof, a tank having plastic material through which said cords maypass when su ported by said drum, means whereby material is drawn on tosaid drum andcordh in varying thicknesses when passed through thematerial, and means for removingthe cords and formed shingles from thedrum while preserving their shape-after passingthroughsaid tank.

9. A machine for forming articles from plastic material, comprisingmeans forming an endless supporting surface having vacuum passages theren, an endless filtering cloth disposable over said passages, endlesscords disposable on and cloth, and a plastic material tank through whichsaid endless members may ass when in cooperation with each other,whereby material will'be drawn to said end 095 members in a unitary massof desired shape. 7 1

1,0. A machine for forming articles from plastic .materlal, comprisingmeans forming an endless supporting surface having vacuum passagestherein, an endless filtering cloth disposable over said passages,endless cords disposable on sald cloth. a plastic material tank throughwhich said endless members may pass when in cw operation with eachother, whereby material will be drawn to said members in a unitary massof desired shape, and means for removing said cords from said filteringcloth alter the article is formed while. preserving its shape.

11. A machine for forming articles from plastic material, comprisingmeans forming an endless supporting surface, endless cords supportedthereby, means for f'ormlng plastic article in a unitary mass of desiredshape on said cords when the latter is in cooperation with saidsupporting surface, and means for thereafter separating said cords fromsaid surface and ejecting the formed plastic article from said cordswhile preserving its shape.

12. A machine for forming plastic articles, comprising a rotatablesupporting drum having vacuum passages therein, an endless filteringcloth disposable on the periphery of said drum to cover said passages,endless cords supportable on said filtering cloth over said. vacuumpassages and said filtering cloth, a tank having plastic materialthrough which said cords and drum are movable, whereby the vacuumetl'ects deposit of material over said vacuum passages and said cords,and means for pressing the outer surface of the plastic material on saiddrum after the same has passed through said tank.

"13 A machine for forming plastic articles, comprising a rotatablesupporting drum having vacuum passages therein, an endless filteringcloth disposable on the periphery of said drum to cover said passages,endless cords supportable on said filtering cloth and over said vacuumpassages and said filtering cloth, a tank having plastic materialthrough which said cords and drum are movable, whereby the vacuumefl'ccts deposit of material, to said drum over said vacuum passages andsaid cords, means for pressing the outer surface of the plastic materialon said drum after the same has passed through said tank, and means forrelieving said pressure action upon further predetermined movement ofsaid drum.

14. A machine for forming plastic articles, comprising a rotatablesupporting drum having vacuum passages therein, an endless filteringcloth disposable on the periphery of said drum to cover said passages,an endless strip formed by a series of cords supportable on saidfiltering cloth and over said vacuum passages and said filtering cloth,a tank having plastic material through which said strip and drum aremovable, whereby the vacuum will effect deposit of material to saidstrip, means for pressing the outer surface of the plastic material tosaid strip after the same has passed through said tank, means forrelieving said pressing action upon further predetermined movement ofsaid drum, and means for removing said strip from said drum peripherywhen the pressing action is relieved.

16. A machine for forming articles from plastic material, comprising adrum having drainage passages in the periphery thereof, a filteringcloth disposed over said passages, endless flexible cords engageablewith the drum periphery, means for directing the cords from and on tothe drum periphery, whereby plastic material will be deposited thereonwhile in contact with said drum, and said articles may be removed fromsaid strip when the latter is free of the drum periphery.

17. A machine for forming articles from plastic material comprising adrum having flexible spaced cords thereon, means for placing plasticmaterial in a unitary mass of desired shape on said drum over saidcords, a flexible presser belt adapted to overlie said eords and drumafter the plastic material has been placed on said drum, pressingrollers engaging said belt, and means for discharging the plasticarticles as a unit from said cords after said pressing belt disengagesthe cords and drum while preserving their shape.

18. A machine for forming articles from plastic material, comprisingcontinuously moving cords means for placing plastic material over saidcords in a unitary mass of desired shape during continuous movementthereof, means for pressing the same means for discharging the pressedarticle while preserving its shape, and means for drawing excessivewater from the articles when disposed on said cords.

24. A machine for forming articles from plastic material, comprising amember having a supporting surface forming said plastic material into aunitary mass of desired shape, a vacuum passage extending therethrough,flexible cords adapted to be supported on said surface and adapted toremove said mass as a unit while preserving its shape, and means forsub'ecting the cords to sub-atmospheric pressure, thereby causing saidflexible cords to e held more closely to the supporting surface.

25. A machine for forming articles from plastic material, comprising asupporting member for forming said plastic material into a unitary massof desired shape and cords carried thereby adapted to remove said massas a unit while preserving its shape, and means for subjecting the samesuccessively to different degrees of sub-atmospheric pressure, andfinally to atmospheric pressure.

26. A machihe for forming articles frem plastic material, eomcfn-isiri eseppurbing memb'erforming said"plastic materiel int a unitary'mass' ofcords earned there y adaptexl to'remove said mass as a' ueit whilepreservifig its shape, andmeens for subjectmg the same successivelytodlfi'erent degrees of subetmospherie pressure, and finally toatmospheric ressure said latter means includ- I f [Ofiieial Gazette.July 28-, 1929.1

relatively rotatable controlling members, one 0v which has chamberswithin which esire shape, and

erent predetermined sub-atmospheric ressuresare maintained,- seidmemberelse presenting an atmosphericspace, the ot er .of 'eid controllingmembers having 'a' passage communicating with said supper g member, saidpassage being connecti- 'ble with sald chambers or atmospherle space. ai

